Overview, Symptoms, and Causes of High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Hypertension is when your blood pressure (BP), the force of your blood pushing against the walls of your arteries, is constantly high.
Overview
Hypertension is usually defined as blood pressure above 140/90, and blood pressure above 180/120 is considered severe. If left untreated, it can cause health problems such as heart disease and stroke.
BP is written as follows: 120/80. It reads “over 120 to 80”. The higher number is called systolic and the lower number is called diastolic. The Sections are:
- Normal – Over 80 less than 120 (120/80)
- Elevated – 120-129 / Less than 80
- Stage 1 Hypertension – 130-139 / 80-89
- Stage 2 Hypertension – 140 and above / 90 and above
- Hypertension Crises – 180 and over 120 – See a doctor right away.
If your dose is higher than normal, talk to your doctor about how to reduce it.
Without symptoms you may have it for years uncontrolled BP increases the risk of serious health problems, including heart attacks and strokes. Fortunately, this is easily detected and when you know you have hypertension, you can work with your doctor to control it.
Symptoms
Most people with Hypertension have a dangerous level of blood pressure reading but do not show any signs or symptoms.
A small number of people with this have headaches, and vomiting. although there may be shortness of breath or nosebleeds, these signs and symptoms are inaccurate and are not usually severe or life-threatening.
Symptoms of severe hypertension
If your blood pressure is too high, there may be specific symptoms to consider, including:
- Chest Pain
- Nosebleed
- Vision Problems
- Blood in the urine
- Irregular heartbeat
- Severe Headaches
- Difficulty breathing
- Fatigue of confusion
- Pounding in your neck, ears, or chest
Causes of High Blood Pressure
The exact causes are unknown, but several factors may play a role, including:
- Stress
- Genetics
- Smoking
- Older Age
- Family History
- Obesity or Overweight
- Chronic Kidney Disease
- Lack of Physical Activity
- Too much salt in the diet
- Adrenal and thyroid disorders
- Shortness of breath during sleep
- Excessive alcohol consumption (drinking more than once or twice a day)
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